I. Kev Taw Qhia
Hauv ob lub tsev khaws khoom lag luam thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm me me -, kho vajtse ua los ntawm Carbon Steel yog qhov tseem ceeb. Bolts, txiv ntseej, screws, brackets, rivets, thiab machined fittings ua los ntawm cov hlau no muab qhov tshwj xeeb tensile lub zog thiab shear tsis kam yuav tsum tau tuav cov tshuab hnyav thiab cov qauv tsim ua ke. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li cov khoom siv no nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav, nws muaj qhov tsis zoo tsis zoo: nws muaj kev cuam tshuam rau atmospheric corrosion. Tsis zoo li cov hlau tsis muaj steel, uas muaj cov feem pua ntawm chromium los tiv thaiv nws tus kheej los ntawm cov khoom, cov pa roj carbon steel tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv oxidation.
Thaum cov khoom siv carbon steel raug tso tseg tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cia, nws tam sim ntawd pib nyob ntsiag to, degenerative poob. Ib pawg ntawm cov qib hwm qib-8 bolts tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm lub xeev ntawm kev npaj ua haujlwm zoo rau hauv ib qho pitted, structurally compromised pawg ntawm txiv kab ntxwv xeb nyob rau hauv ib tug teeb meem ntawm lub lis piam yog hais tias raug rau qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm tej yam kev mob. Tus nqi ntawm qhov kev tsis saib xyuas no yog staggeringly siab. Nws ua rau cov peev nyiaj pov tseg raws li cov khoom siv oxidized yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg, ua rau qhov project qeeb thaum hloov tsis tau, thiab qhia txog kev nyab xeeb loj heev yog tias tsis muaj zog fasteners raug teeb tsa rau hauv cov qauv siv.
Hmoov zoo, tiv thaiv xeb ntawm carbon steel hardware tsis yog qhov muaj hmoo; nws yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev qhuab qhia. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig uas ua rau oxidation thiab ua raws li kev nruj, ntau -txheej txheem kev khaws cia, koj tuaj yeem khaws koj cov khoom siv mus tas li yam tsis muaj ib qho xim ntawm xeb puas tau tsim. Cov lus qhia no yuav muab cov lus qhia dav dav, cov kauj ruam - los ntawm - cov kauj ruam qhia txog kev paub txog kev kos duab ntawm kev khaws khoom kho vajtse, npog txhua yam los ntawm kev npaj tshuaj mus rau kev ntim khoom siab heev.
2.Qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm xeb: Vim li cas Carbon Steel Corrodes
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob xeb los ntawm kev tsim ntawm koj cov khoom kho vajtse, koj yuav tsum xub nkag siab tus yeeb ncuab. Corrosion tsis yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim; nws yog ib qho kev inevitable electrochemical txheej txheem tswj los ntawm chemistry yooj yim.
A. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical
Rusting yog lo lus colloquial rau oxidation ntawm hlau. Vim tias Carbon Steel muaj ntau dhau los ntawm cov hlau atoms, nws muaj zog heev. Thaum cov hlau liab qab los rau hauv tib lub sijhawm sib cuag nrog oxygen thiab noo noo, ib qho hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog tsim. Cov hlau ua raws li anode, poob electrons rau cov pa oxygen (lub cathode), thaum cov dej ua raws li cov electrolyte uas pab txhawb kev txav ntawm cov electrons. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no rhuav tshem cov qauv hlau, hloov cov hlau rau hauv cov hlau hydrated oxide- cov flaky, brittle, txiv kab ntxwv- cov khoom xim av peb paub tias yog xeb.
B. Cov Accelerators
Thaum cov dej noo thiab oxygen yog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua rau xeb, ntau yam ib puag ncig ua raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog uas ua kom cov txheej txheem nthuav dav:
Relative Humidity (RH): Rusting tshwm sim ntawm tus nqi qeeb heev thaum txheeb ze cov av qis. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub ambient txheeb ze av noo hla qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 40 mus rau 50 feem pua, tus nqi ntawm oxidation spikes loj heev.
Temperature Fluctuations and Dew Point: Thaum kub nce thiab nqis, huab cua muaj peev xwm tuav cov dej noo hloov. Yog tias chav cia txias txias sai heev thaum hmo ntuj, huab cua tuaj yeem ncav cuag nws qhov dej ntws, ua rau pom tsis pom dej vapor rau condense ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw txias ntawm cov khoom siv steel.
Cov pa paug hauv huab cua: Cov cua ntsev hauv thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv, cov sulfur dioxide los ntawm kev lag luam emissions, thiab txawm tias cov kua qaub seem tshuav tom qab ntawm tib neeg cov ntiv tes qhia cov ions uas ua rau kom cov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm cov dej ntws, supercharging txheej txheem rusting.
C. Micro-Climate Factor
Ib qho yuam kev ua los ntawm cov neeg pib tshiab yog tso cov khoom siv rau hauv tus qauv, tsis muaj lub thawv yas lossis cov tub rau khoom hlau thiab xav tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb. Hauv kev muaj tiag, tshwj tsis yog cov kauj ruam tau ua los ua kom tsis muaj huab cua sab hauv, cov thawv kaw tuaj yeem kaw cov av noo. Thaum huab cua kub hloov pauv, qhov ntim cov dej noo nyob hauv lub hau thiab los nag ncaj qha mus rau cov khoom siv hauv qab no, tsim kom muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev, ntub micro- huab cua uas ua rau xeb sai dua yog tias cov khoom siv tau raug tso tawm ntawm lub txee qhib.
3.Pre-Kev Npaj Cia: Kev Tu thiab Kho Kom Zoo
Txoj hauv kev rau xeb- cia dawb pib ntev ua ntej cov khoom siv tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub thoob. Kev khaws cov khoom siv uas twb tau qias neeg, ntub dej, lossis muaj cov kab mob acidic residues lav tsis ua haujlwm, txawm tias koj lub thawv ntim khoom siab npaum li cas.
A. Tshem tawm cov kab mob uas twb muaj lawm
Hardware tuaj txog hauv kev cob qhia los ntawm ntau qhov chaw. Tej zaum nws yuav raug them rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev tsim khoom, coated hauv kev lag luam los tiv thaiv - xeb roj uas tau pib degrade, los yog paug tawm hws thiab lactic acid los ntawm kev tuav tes liab qab. Cov kab mob saum npoo no yuav tsum raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Cov hws los ntawm cov ntiv tes muaj cov chlorides uas noj los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab pib qhov chaw pitting corrosion nyob rau hauv lwm yam kev teeb tsa huv si.
B. Cov txheej txheem degreasing
Txhawm rau npaj cov khoom siv carbon steel rau kev khaws cia, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov tshuaj degreasing. Sau cov khoom siv thiab muab tso rau hauv lub da dej ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb degreaser los yog siab - cov kuab tshuaj purity xws li isopropyl cawv lossis acetone. Siv cov tawv tawv-bristled, uas tsis yog- txhuam txhuam txhuam kom ua rau lub ntsej muag, kom ntseeg tau tias cov kuab tshuaj nkag mus rau qhov tob tob ntawm cov ntsia hlau xov thiab cov ntsia hlau sab hauv. Cov kauj ruam no tshem tawm tag nrho cov organic tebchaw, roj, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg, tawm hauv qab ntawm cov hlau tsis huv, huv si.
C. Ua kom lub cev qhuav dej
Thaum cov khoom siv tau ntxuav lawm, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom lub cev qhuav dej. Txawm tias ib qho micro- zaj duab xis ntawm cov kuab tshuaj ntxuav cov seem lossis dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiaj ntsig khaws cia. Muab cov khoom siv tso rau ntawm qhov huv, lint -dawb ntaub. Siv rab phom kub los yog lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb kom tawg cov khoom nrog cua sov, qhuav. Ua tib zoo mloog rau cov xov nested thiab qhov muag qhov muag qhov twg cov kua nyiam nkaum vim capillary nkaus. Tsis txhob kov cov khoom siv qhuav qhuav nrog txhais tes liab qab tom qab qhov taw tes no; ib txwm hnav cov hnab looj tes nitrile los yog latex kom tsis txhob hloov cov roj ntawm daim tawv nqaij rov qab rau hauv cov hlau huv.
4. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Cov Roj, Cov Khaub Ncaws, thiab Inhibitors
Nrog cov khoom siv huv si huv si thiab qhuav, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog siv cov khoom tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv oxygen thiab dej molecules kom ncav cuag cov hlau atoms.
A. Short-Term vs. Long-Term Oils
Rau cov khoom siv uas nkag tau thiab siv ntau zaus, lub teeb lub tshuab roj lossis cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem muab qhov cuam tshuam luv luv -. Txawm li cas los xij, cov roj teeb evaporate sai sai thiab xaub tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntsug dhau sijhawm, tawm hauv cov npoo sab saum toj raug rau huab cua ya raws. Rau lub sijhawm ntev - khaws cia (hli lossis xyoo), koj yuav tsum siv cov roj tshwj xeeb, siab -viscosity xeb- cov kua dej tiv thaiv lossis hnyav - cov roj ua haujlwm. Cov khoom no yog tsim los nrog cov tackifiers uas tso cai rau cov roj kom aggressively rau cov hlau threads, tiv taus lub ntiajteb txawj nqus thiab evaporation.
B. Qhuav- Zaj duab xis Inhibitors thiab Waxes
Yog tias koj nyiam ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv uas huv si rau qhov kov thiab tsis nyiam cov plua plav, cov roj ntub dej yuav tsis zoo tagnrho. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, qhuav- cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xeb lossis microcrystalline waxes yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo. Cov khoom no yog siv los ua kua tshuaj tsuag los yog dip; Raws li cov cab kuj hnyav evaporates, nws tawm tom qab ib qho zoo kawg nkaus nyias, tsis yog -tacky, waxy matrix tshaj cov carbon hlau. Qhov kev tiv thaiv qhuav no thaiv cov dej noo zoo thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej siv cov khoom siv lossis pleev xim rau yav tom ntej.
C. Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors (VCI)
Ib qho kev nce qib siab tshaj plaws hauv kev ntim khoom niaj hnub no yog Vapor Corrosion Inhibitor (VCI) thev naus laus zis. VCI cov khoom ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tso tawm tsis pom, tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis yog- xeb xeb- txwv tsis pub cov vapors mus rau hauv qhov chaw kaw. Cov vapor molecules no nthuav dav thoob plaws hauv lub thawv thiab tsim ib qho anisotropic, molecular- txheej tiv thaiv tuab thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, suav nrog tob hauv cov xov sab hauv uas cov kua roj tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag tau yooj yim.
Txhawm rau siv txoj kev no, koj tuaj yeem ua kab koj cov thawv ntim khoom nrog VCI daim ntawv, tso cov khoom siv ncaj qha rau hauv cov zip tshwj xeeb -cov hnab yas VCI sab saum toj, lossis tso ib qho me me VCI emitter capsule rau hauv koj cov tub rau khoom uas twb muaj lawm. Kev zoo nkauj ntawm VCI thev naus laus zis yog tias cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tshem tawm ntawm cov hlau txiav thaum kho vajtse raug tshem tawm ntawm lub thawv, tawm hauv qhov chaw huv, qhuav, thiab tam sim ntawd npaj rau kev teeb tsa.
5.Advanced Environmental and Storage Control Strategies
Thaum cov txheej thaiv txheej tiv thaiv ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse, kev tswj hwm qhov chaw khaws cia tag nrho muab cov kab tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv uas txwv tsis pub xeb ntawm cov txheej txheem.
A. Humidity Control Management
Raws li tau hais dhau los, ua kom cov av noo qis dua 40% yog txoj cai golden rau khaws cia Carbon Steel. Tus nqi ntau tshaj - txoj kev ua tau zoo kom ua tiav qhov no hauv ib lub thawv ntim khoom yog los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv desiccant, xws li silica gel lossis av nplaum desiccants. Cov pob ntawv no ua raws li cov khoom siv me me, nqus dej vapor los ntawm huab cua hauv lub thawv ua ntej cov hlau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog nws.
Thaum teeb tsa koj cov bins cia, tso ib lub pob ntawv desiccant uas tsim nyog rau hauv txhua qhov chaw. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias desiccants tsis kav mus ib txhis; lawv muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws saturation. Siv cov ntawv qhia silica gel packets, uas hloov xim (feem ntau los ntawm xiav mus rau liab los yog txiv kab ntxwv mus rau ntsuab) thaum lawv puv ntawm noo noo. Qhov no muab qhov pom tseeb pom tseeb tias nws yog lub sijhawm los hloov lawv lossis ci rau hauv qhov cub kom rov qab them lawv.
B. Kev nyab xeeb-Controlled Storage Units
Rau qhov loj - cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam lossis cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas tuav ntau txhiab daus las tus nqi siab - cov khoom siv tensile, kev cia siab rau cov pob ntawv ib leeg tsis txaus. Cov cheeb tsam no yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb-tswj infrastructure. Kev siv hnyav- lub luag haujlwm ua lag luam dehumidifiers txuas ntxiv rub cov dej noo tawm ntawm chav tsev huab cua zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua kom lub chaw cia txias me ntsis saum toj no sab nraud ambient kub kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv hlau tsis txhob poob mus rau qhov dej lwg, tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev hem thawj ntawm condensation cycles.
C. Kev xaiv thawv
Tus qauv tsim ntawm koj lub thawv ntim khoom ua si lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev khaws cia. Txheem ntoo drawers los yog cov thawv ntawv cardboard yuav tsum zam tag nrho; ntoo thiab cardboard yog ib txwm ntxeem tau cov ntaub ntawv uas nqus thiab khaws noo noo los ntawm huab cua, tuav nws nyob ze rau koj cov khoom kho vajtse.
Hloov chaw, xaiv qhov siab- ntom ntom, hnyav- lub luag haujlwm polypropylene cov hnab yas uas muaj kev ruaj ntseg, roj hmab- lub hau gasketed uas tsim muaj qhov tseeb airtight foob. Cov thawv ntim gasketed no cais cov micro sab hauv- huab cua los ntawm cov av noo sab nraud, ua kom lub neej ntev tshaj ntawm koj cov khoom VCI thiab cov khoom desiccant. Yog tias koj nyiam cov khoom hnyav- lub luag haujlwm steel tub rau khoom, xyuas kom meej tias lawv muaj cov hmoov nplej- coated tiav los tiv thaiv lub txee nws tus kheej los ntawm corroding thiab dhau xeb mus rau cov khoom muag.
6.Ntev -Tsev Kho Mob thiab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Cai
Tsis muaj xeb-kev tiv thaiv yog kiag li "tsim nws thiab tsis nco qab nws." Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov thawv ntim tau qhib, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj hnav, thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem degrade. Ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev tu ncua ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj cov kev siv zog khaws cia tseem tsis tau tawg.
A. Lub Sijhawm Saib Xyuas
Tsim kom muaj lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas raws li koj lub chaw nyob ntawm thaj chaw thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Rau cov kev cob qhia hauv av ib txwm muaj, ib nrab - kev tshuaj xyuas ib xyoos ib zaug yog txaus. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv lossis cov av ntub heev, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas txhua hli lossis peb lub hlis twg. Thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam no, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum qhib ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov cuab yeej kho vajtse, xyuas cov xim ntawm cov khoom siv desiccant, nrhiav cov paib ntawm cov roj evaporation, thiab siv lub teeb ci siab - siv lub teeb nyem los tshuaj xyuas cov hauv paus hauv paus rau qhov faint, powdery yellow-txiv kab ntxwv discoloration uas qhia txog qhov pib ntawm oxidation. Kev ntes xeb nyob rau theem pib no tso cai rau koj los ntxuav thiab rov ua dua -coat batch ua ntej cov txheej txheem pitting tshwm sim.
B. Cov kev coj ua tig
Txhawm rau txo lub sij hawm ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv siv los zaum hauv chaw cia, siv qhov nruj ua ntej -Nyob rau hauv, Ua ntej- Tawm (FIFO) cov txheej txheem tswj xyuas cov khoom muag. Thaum restocking hardware bins, tsis txhob muab pov tseg tshiab fasteners ncaj qha rau saum cov khoom qub. Hloov chaw, rub cov khoom qub qub rau pem hauv ntej, ntxuav lub hauv paus yog tias tsim nyog, thiab tso cov khoom tshiab tshaj plaws nyob tom qab lossis hauv qab ntawm lub thawv. Qhov kev sib hloov tas mus li no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv tau siv tas li, txo cov sij hawm cuam tshuam tag nrho ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ntev - lub sij hawm cia siab.
7. Cov lus xaus
Khaws Carbon Steel hardware kom nws yeej tsis muaj kev xeb yog lub hom phiaj ua tiav yog tias koj mus txog qhov chaw cia nrog cov txheej txheem, kev xav. Rust tsis yog ib qho kev tswj tsis tau ntawm qhov xwm txheej; Nws yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo los ntawm kev txiav tawm txoj hauv kev tsim nyog ntawm cov dej noo, oxygen, thiab cov kab mob catalytic.
Los ntawm kev cog lus rau kev khaws cia cov raj xa dej dav dav- pib nrog cov tshuaj degreasing zoo thiab ua kom tiav cov cua sov kom qhuav, ua raws li kev siv tswv yim ntawm VCI cov teeb meem siab heev los yog waxy qhuav-cov yeeb yaj kiab, thiab ua tiav hauv kev siv airtight, desiccant-3 txoj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig koj cov khoom siv tsis zoo cov khoom. Qhov ntau- txheej txheej txheej no cais koj cov khoom siv los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm huab cua nyob ib puag ncig thiab tshem tawm txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib kis tag nrho.
Thaum kawg, kev nqis peev me me ntawm lub sijhawm thiab cov peev txheej rau hauv qhov chaw cia khoom tsim nyog them cov nyiaj faib nyiaj ntau dhau sijhawm. Nws khaws cov qauv kev ncaj ncees thiab ntsuas lub zog ntawm koj qhov siab - tensile fasteners, txo cov nqi hloov pauv mus rau xoom, thiab xyuas kom meej tias thaum twg ib qhov project xav tau lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj, txiv ntseej, lossis bracket, koj cov khoom muag nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm pristine, daim iav - huv si npaj ua haujlwm. Los ntawm kev hloov koj lub rooj cob qhia lossis chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb kom muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, kev khaws cia, koj ua kom koj cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv rau xyoo tom ntej.
